senzor prototip bazat pe o nouă strategie de detectare a ochilor, cu potențialul de a raporta prezența explozivilor din distanțe de până la 100 m
dispozitivele care pot detecta rapid chimic-biologic-exploziv (CBE)
care include balizele care încorporează senzori inteligenți inovativi, integrarea microsenzorilor CMOS chip și exploatarea benzii largi
plasture pentru detectarea alcoolului in sange
Viitoarele iterații sunt orientate spre detectarea particulelor asemănătoare prafului – la fel ca numărul de viruși prezenți în aer, neprețuit pentru sănătatea publică
Dar ceea ce face și acest lucru este, spre deosebire de orice altceva, am construit un senzor vibrator pe care îl puteți monta oriunde doriți în interiorul căștii, dar acest lucru, atunci când este declanșat, vibrează
a dezvoltat un material chimic de detectare a cărui conductivitate electrică crește dramatic atunci când este expus la gaze toxice
au descoperit că forma bi-dimensională a carbonului, cunoscută sub numele de grafen, ar putea fi materialul ideal pentru fabricarea dispozitivelor plasmonice capabile să detecteze materiale explozive, substanțe chimice toxice alți compuși organici bazați pe o singură moleculă, afirmă un articol publicat în Physical Review B ( „Descrierea de sine strictă a amplificatorului cuantic al grafeinei” ).Dispozitivul de spargere de grafen poate fi utilizat pentru a proiecta dispozitive compacte de măsurare spectrală capabile să detecteze chiar și o singură moleculă dintr-o substanță, care este esențială pentru multe aplicații potențiale. Astfel de senzori ar putea detecta moleculele organice pe baza tranzițiilor lor vibraționale caracteristice („amprentele digitale”), deoarece lumina emisă / absorbită cade în regiunea infraroșie medie, care este exact în cazul în care funcționează spaserul bazat pe grafeni
| Posted: Aug 15, 2016 | |
‘Sniffer plasmons’ could detect a single molecule of explosives(Nanowerk News) Physicists from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) have found that the two-dimensional form of carbon, known as graphene, might be the ideal material for manufacturing plasmonic devices capable of detecting explosive materials, toxic chemicals, and other organic compounds based on a single molecule, says an article published in Physical Review B („Self-consistent description of graphene quantum amplifier”). |
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| Design of the spaser with the graphene layer shown as a honeycomb lattice above the dielectric layer (blue). The spaser is optically pumped through the active (gain) medium shown in orange. | |
| Plasmons in constructing high-accuracy electronics and optics | |
| Scientists have long been fascinated by the potential applications of a quasiparticle called the plasmon, a quantum of plasma oscillations. In the case of a solid body, plasmons are the oscillations of free electrons. Of special interest are the effects arising from the surface interactions of electromagnetic waves with plasmons—usually in the context of metals or semimetals, as they have a higher free electron density. Harnessing these effects could bring about a breakthrough in high-accuracy electronics and optics. One possibility opened up by plasmonic effects is the subwavelength light focusing, which increases the sensitivity of plasmonic devices to a point where they can distinguish a single molecule. Such measurements are beyond what any conventional (classical) optical devices can achieve. Unfortunately, plasmons in metals tend to lose energy quickly due to resistance, and for this reason they are not self-sustained, i.e. they need continuous excitation. Scientists are trying to tackle this issue by using composite materials with predefined microstructure, including graphene. | |
| Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a two-dimensional crystal. It can be visualised as a one-atom-thick honeycomb lattice made of carbon atoms. Two MIPT graduates, Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, were the first to isolate graphene, which won them a Nobel Prize in Physics. Graphene is a semiconductor with extremely high charge carrier mobility. Its electrical conductivity is also exceptionally high, which makes graphene-based transistors possible. | |
| Theoretical physicists give the okay | |
| Although, plasmonic devices have seemed an exciting prospect to pursue from the start, to take advantage of them, it was first necessary to find out whether the technology behind them was feasible. To do this, scientists had to find a numerical solution to the relevant quantum-mechanical equations. This was accomplished by a team of researchers at the Laboratory of Nanostructure Spectroscopy headed by Prof. Yurii Lozovik: they formulated and solved the necessary equation. Their research has led them to develop a quantum model that predicts plasmonic behaviour in graphene. As a result, the scientists described the operation of a surface-plasmon-emitting diode (SPED) and the nanoplasmonic counterpart of the laser—known as the spaser—whose construction involves a graphene layer. | |
| A spaser could be described as a device similar to a laser and operating on the same basic principle. However, to produce radiation, it relies on optical transitions in the gain medium, and the particles emitted are surface plasmons, as opposed to photons produced by a laser. An SPED is different from a spaser in that it is an incoherent source of surface plasmons. It also requires considerably lower pump power. Both devices would operate within the infrared region of the spectrum, which is useful for studying biological molecules. | |
| ‘The graphene spaser could be used to design compact spectral measurement devices capable of detecting even a single molecule of a substance, which is essential for many potential applications. Such sensors could detect organic molecules based on their characteristic vibrational transitions (‘fingerprints’), as the light emitted/absorbed falls into the medium infrared region, which is exactly where the graphene-based spaser operates,’ says Alexander Dorofeenko, one of the authors of the study. |
| Source: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology |
În munca care are ca scop protejarea soldaților de amenințările biologice și chimice, o echipă de cercetători ai Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory a creat un material care este foarte respirabil, dar protector de agenți biologici
Acest material este prima componentă cheie a uniformelor futuriste inteligente, care vor răspunde și vor proteja împotriva pericolelor chimice de mediu
O provocare majoră în nanotehnologia este aceea de a determina cum să se introducă principii ecologice și durabile atunci când se asamblează elemente individuale de nanometri pentru a crea dispozitive de lucru.Producția de nanoparticule în fază gazoasă este pe deplin compatibilă cu producția comercială de confecții textile de tip roll-to-roll, fiind susceptibilă de ridicarea și îndeplinirea numeroaselor cerințe privind textilele inteligente.
